KURUKSHETRA, June 24 - The imposition of an ‘Emergency’ in the country by Prime
Minister Indira Gandhi 39 years back saw most of the prominent opposition
leaders behind bars, and Congress party leaders meekly bowing to the will of
Mrs. Gandhi. However, there were a few – including the veteran Congress
leader, G.L. Nanda – who dared to oppose this move in public.
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| G.L. Nanda |
Mr. Nanda, who played a
pivotal role in the creation of the state of Haryana when Akalis were demanding
the ‘Punjabi Suba’, was conferred the Bharat Ratna posthumously when Mr.
I.K.Gujral was the Prime Minister.
Mrs. Gandhi had good regard for Mr. Nanda as he was instrumental
in her becoming the Prime Minister. Mr. Nanda became the interim Prime Minister
(for the second time in his career) after the death of Lal Bahadur Shastri in
1965; however, he opted out of consideration when Mrs. Gandhi chose to contest
the post of the Congress Parliamentary Party President against Morarji Desai.
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| Nandaji being welcomed by my father, Sh. Dharambir Sabharwal |
Today, on the anniversary of the ‘Emergency’, an incident comes to
mind that shows both the extent of the ‘terror’ prevailing at that time, as
well as the firm stand taken by Mr. Nanda on the issue. It was on July 4, 1975,
the birthday of Mr.Nanda, that I drove the late Dr. Shanti Swaroop Sharma, late
Devi Dayal Nanha, Lala Naurata Ram and my late father Dharambir Sabharwal – all
close associates of Mr. Nanda in his parliamentary constituency of Kurukshetra
– to Nandaji’s residence in Delhi. We reached in the morning and Nandaji came
out to meet us in the small office in the lawns just opposite the main door of
the building.
While he was discussing a few issues with us regarding the
development of Kurukshetra, his Personnel Secretary, Mr. Balraj Puri, informed Nandaji
that there was a call from the Prime Minister’s residence. Mr. Nanda
picked up the telephone and said, “Thank you for the best wishes”. After
listening for a while more, he told the caller: “Convey my thanks to Indira-ji
and tell her there is no need to come here personally to wish me.” When
the caller persisted, Mr. Nanda repeated emphatically, “No, no, there is no
need!”
After replacing the telephone, Nandaji disclosed that Mrs. Gandhi
wanted to come and wish him personally but that he had refused. Just a minute
or so later, there was another call from the PM House. The caller said that
Mrs. Gandhi had expressed her resolve to visit Nandaji and that she would be
starting for his residence within the next few minutes. Mr. Nanda was furious
and questioned, “When I am making it clear that there is no need for this, why
is she coming here?”
Despite our efforts to try and pacify him, Nandaji was quite
tense. He rushed into the house to inform his wife about the upcoming visit
of Mrs. Gandhi. Meanwhile, a large contingent of security men and police
descended on Nandaji’s residence. The security cover was very heavy as Mrs.
Gandhi was moving out of her house for the first time after the imposition of
the Emergency. One officer entered Nandaji’s office and directed that we
move into a small room at the rear from where nothing was visible
outside. Dr. Shanti Swaroop Sharma began to argue with the officer,
pointing out that the room was extremely dingy.
Meanwhile, Nandaji returned and enquired what the matter
was. When the officer informed him about his directions to us, Mr. Nanda
became furious and said that this was his house and nobody could dishonour his
guests in such a manner. The officer immediately apologized and allowed
us to sit where we were.
Mr. Nanda received Indiraji at the door and both of them, along
with Mr. R.K. Dhawan, went inside the house. They came out after about
twenty-five minutes.
Upon returning to join us back in the office after seeing off Mrs
Gandhi, Mr. Nanda appeared to be significantly relieved. He narrated in
detail to us the conversation that had gone on between him and Mrs.
Gandhi. He disclosed that Mrs. Gandhi had explained the conditions that had
forced her to take the extreme step of imposing a state of Emergency, and
requested him to issue a statement in support of the imposition of Emergency as
was being done by other political leaders.
However, Mr. Nanda refused to appreciate her actions in this
regard, instead pointing out that a large number of freedom fighters, including
her father Jawahar Lal Nehru, had suffered a great deal to achieve freedom and
democracy for the country. In fact, he criticized the “Cleanness Operation”
started in various parts of Delhi, especially Karol Bagh. He told Mrs.
Gandhi that “we do not have to make Delhi a Paris, but instead take steps to
provide livelihood to the people. By throwing out ‘rehri-wallahs’ (hawkers) or roadside vendors, we are making them
jobless.”
After a few days, the latter part of the conversation between the
two leaders regarding throwing out of rehriwallas appeared in a few vernacular
papers but Mr. Nanda’s obvious displeasure against the Emergency and his
outright rejection of Mrs. Gandhi’s actions was not highlighted, possibly due
to restrictions on the media.
Nandaji shifted to Kurukshetra and tried to remain here for most
of the time during the period of the Emergency, keeping himself busy with
projects like the restoration of the Brahmasarovar, which even today is the
pride of this town. During this period many senior Congressmen came here
to hold talks with Nandaji but he refused to have anything to do with the
Emergency and in fact highlighted the atrocities being brought to his notice.
He resigned from the Congress and many of his associates here
deserted the party at that time. He even refused to contest the parliamentary
elections after the lifting of the Emergency. Later, Nandaji was always
proud to disclose that he never supported imposition of Emergency despite the
odds.